Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin recently cautioned against expanding the functions of Ethereum's consensus. In a blog post titled "Don't overload Ethereum's consensus," Buterin stressed the need to preserve Ethereum's minimalist approach and avoid burdening validators with additional tasks.
Buterin highlighted that there have been proposals suggesting the use of Ethereum's social consensus for various purposes, such as price and data oracles, re-staking initiatives, and utilizing layer-1 soft forks to address issues with layer-2 projects. While there is a natural inclination to extend the blockchain's core functionality, Buterin cautioned that each extension increases the fragility of the core itself.
According to Buterin, certain techniques associated with these proposals pose significant risks to the ecosystem. For instance, creating ETH/USD price oracles that involve bribery of ETH holders or validators could lead to a fork and potential loss of funds. He acknowledged the need for better oracles but stressed the importance of approaching such problems on a case-by-case basis due to their inherent differences.
Expanding the duties of Ethereum's consensus, as Buterin argued, escalates the costs, complexities, and risks associated with running a validator. He urged caution when application-layer projects take actions that extend the scope of blockchain consensus beyond verifying the core Ethereum protocol rules. Instead, he advocated supporting re-staking approaches that do not lead to a slippery slope of expanding the role of Ethereum's consensus and helping developers explore alternative strategies to achieve their security goals.
It is worth noting that Ethereum's consensus mechanism transitioned from proof-of-work to proof-of-stake in September of the previous year. The recent release of staked Ethereum for withdrawal through the Shapella upgrade has brought increased scrutiny to validator roles and security risks on the world's largest smart contract network.
In summary, Buterin's blog post emphasizes the importance of maintaining Ethereum's consensus minimalism and avoiding the overextension of its responsibilities. He raises concerns about the systemic risks associated with expanding the blockchain's core functionality and encourages a cautious and case-specific approach to addressing additional needs while preserving the security and integrity of the Ethereum ecosystem.
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